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New Testament military metaphors
The New Testament uses a number of military metaphors in discussing Christianity, especially in the Pauline epistles.
In Philippians 2:25〔(Philippians 2:25, NIV (BibleGateway). )〕 and Philemon 1:2,〔(Philemon 1:2, NIV (BibleGateway). )〕 Paul describes fellow Christians as "fellow soldiers" (in Greek, συστρατιώτῃ, ''sustratiōtē'').〔Peter Thomas O'Brien, ''(The Epistle to the Philippians: A commentary on the Greek text )'', Eerdmans, 1991, ISBN 0-85364-531-0, pp. 330–331.〕 The image of a soldier is also used in 2 Timothy 2:3–4〔(2 Timothy 2:3–4, NIV (BibleGateway): ) "Endure hardship with us like a good soldier of Christ Jesus. No one serving as a soldier gets involved in civilian affairs—he wants to please his commanding officer."〕 as a metaphor for hard work and dedication,〔John Norman Davidson Kelly, ''(A Commentary on the Pastoral Epistles: I Timothy, II Timothy, Titus )'', Part 1, Continuum International Publishing Group, 1963, ISBN 0-7136-1366-1, p. 175.〕 similar to the metaphor of an athlete which follows. In 1 Corinthians 9:7,〔(1 Corinthians 9:7, NIV (BibleGateway): ) "Who serves as a soldier at his own expense?"〕 this image is used in a discussion of church workers receiving payment, with a metaphorical reference to a soldier's rations and expenses.〔Anthony C. Thiselton, ''(The First Epistle to the Corinthians: A commentary on the Greek text )'', Eerdmans, 2000, ISBN 0-85364-559-0, pp. 683-684.〕
Ephesians 6:10–18〔(Ephesians 6:10–18, NIV (BibleGateway). )〕 discusses faith, righteousness, and other elements of Christianity as the armour of God, and this imagery is replicated by John Bunyan in ''The Pilgrim's Progress'',〔Kathleen M. Swaim, ''(Pilgrim's Progress, Puritan Progress: Discourses and Contexts )'', University of Illinois Press, 1993, ISBN 0-252-01894-X, p. 14.〕 and by many other Christian writers.
Related imagery appears in hymns such as ''Soldiers of Christ, Arise'' and ''Onward, Christian Soldiers''.〔Alison G. Sulloway, ''(Gerard Manley Hopkins and the Victorian temper )'', Routledge, 1972, ISBN 0-7100-7354-2, p. 220.〕
==See also==
*Miles Christianus
*But to bring a sword
*Christians in the military
*Church militant and church triumphant
*New Testament athletic metaphors
*Salvation Army
*Spiritual warfare
*Military order (society)
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